cresco Latin · revision 741

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkreːs.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkrɛs.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''crēscō''' (present infinitive crēscere, perfect active crēvī, supine crētum); third conjugation, no passive^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It goes back to [[itc-pro|*krē-|t=to grow]], from [[ine-pro|*k(ʷ)reh₁-|t=to become bigger, stronger]], with the inchoative suffix [[m|la|-scō]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) The adjective [[creber|alt=crēber]] and the participle [[m|la|crētus]] show that the stem was *krē-, from which the present in -scō and the perfect [[m|la|crēvī]] were derived.^(de Vaan 2008) A connection with [[ine-pro|*ḱerh₃-|t=to feed]], the root sometimes seen in [[Ceres|alt=Cerēs]], is tempting but has a problem in the position of the vowel.^(de Vaan 2008) The verb [[creo|alt=creāre]] belongs to the same root.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ De Vaan compares the Slavic verbs for healing such as [[orv|креяти|tr=krejati|t=to heal]], from Proto-Slavic *krějǫ.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is attested from Cato onwards,^(de Vaan 2008) who writes of making a vineyard [[m|en|grow]] quickly.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The verb meant to come into being, and the participle ''cretus'' “born of, sprung from” was poetic.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) More often it meant to grow, of plants, animals and children, to increase in size, number or strength, and of rivers to rise and of the moon to wax.^(OLD 2012) With abstract subjects it was used of feelings, rumours and practices that grow, and of people and states that rise in power and wealth.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ Its compounds ''[[decresco]]'' and ''[[concresco]]'' gave [[en|decrease]] and [[en|concrete]], and its present participle is the source of [[en|crescent]].^(Etymonline)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of vines and of oil that cannot increase in storage.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of things that come into being.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero writes that the enemy's numbers grow daily.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses ''cretus'' for “born of”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – Its compound ''decrescere'' gives [[en|decrease]] through French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To come into being, be born, ''cretus'': born of, sprung from.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To [[m|en|grow]], develop; to grow up.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To increase in size, swell; of the moon, to [[m|en|wax]]; of rivers, to rise.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To increase in number or amount, multiply.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To grow stronger (of wind, voice, feelings).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To advance in wealth, power or esteem.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To rise, extend upwards.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[accrēscō]]

+ * [[concrēscō]]

+ * [[crēmentum]]

+ * [[crescentia]]

+ * [[dēcrēscō]]

+ * [[discresco]]

+ * [[excrēscō]]

+ * [[incrēscō]]

+ * [[prōcrescō]]

+ * [[recrescō]]

+ * [[succrēscō]]

+ * [[supercrēscō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[crēber]]

+ * [[Cerēs]]

+ * [[prōcērus]]

+ * [[creō]]

+ * [[en|crescent]]

+ * [[en|decrease]]

+ * [[en|increase]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}