luxuria Latin · revision 7406

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la luxus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ɫuːkˈsʊ.ri.a], [ɫʊkˈsʊ.ri.a]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [lukˈsuː.ri.a]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''lū̆xuria''' ''f'' (genitive lū̆xuriae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from *luxuros, related to [[luxus]] “excess, luxury”, with the suffix [[-ia]], and has a fifth-declension variant [[luxuriēs]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The TLL says how it is connected with ⟨luxus⟩ is not clear, and Ernout and Meillet compare the suffix with the desiderative ⟨-turiō⟩.^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) Gracchus has an old genitive ⟨luxuriī⟩.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation for luxury is from Plautus, ''luxuriae sūmptūs suppeditāre'' “to supply the costs of luxury”.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant indulgence in good living, luxury, extravagance, as in Plautus, Terence and Cicero, and of things sumptuousness, as in Ovid.^(OLD 2012) It meant unruly behaviour, as in Livy, and disregard for moral restraint, licentiousness.^(OLD 2012) Of plants it meant rank growth, luxuriance, as in Cicero and Virgil, and in Martial the thriving condition of a flock.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Döderlein explains that ''luxus'' is luxury as an act or condition, while ''luxuria'' is always a quality of the person, a love of luxury.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant luxury, dissipation.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin used it chiefly of lust, and British Medieval Latin counted it among the mortal sins.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS) Through Old French ''luxurie'' “debauchery” it gave [[en|luxury]] about 1300, first in a sexual sense.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of luxury.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of dissipation.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of luxuriant growth.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1300 – English ''luxury'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Rank growth, luxuriance; plumpness.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Unruly behaviour; licentiousness.^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|Luxury]], extravagance; sumptuousness.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' [[m|en|Lust]].^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[lū̆xuriēs]]

+ * [[lū̆xuriōsus]]

+ * [[lū̆xuriō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[luxus]]

+ * [[en|luxury]]

+ * [[en|luxuriant]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}