hospitalis Latin · revision 7401
16 Oct 2026, 13:51 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)”
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la hospes}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [hɔs.pɪˈtaː.lɪs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [os.piˈtaː.lis]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''hospitālis''' (neuter hospitāle, superlative hospitālissimus, adverb hospitāliter); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[hospes]] “host, guest” with the suffix [[-ālis]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) Manuscripts and inscriptions sometimes spell it ⟨osp-⟩.^(TLL)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Plautus, of what is connected with hospitality.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant of a guest, or of one bound by ties of hospitality, as in Livy, and connected with hospitality, as Cicero's ''sēdēs hospitālis'', and of gods protecting the ties of hospitality.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It meant hospitable, as Cicero's ''hospitālis est in aliquem'', of conduct and figuratively of a coast, as in Pliny.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Varro it meant for the use of guests, and the neuter plural guest rooms.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant of a guest, and ''hospitālis domus'' a guesthouse.^(Stelten 1995) In Medieval Latin a ''hospitālis'' was the warden of a hospital.^(Niermeyer 1976) Its neuter ''hospitāle'' “guest house” gave Old French ''hospital'' and [[en|hospital]] in the mid-13th century, first a shelter for the needy.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of hospitality.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of hospitable persons.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of guests.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * mid-13th century – English ''hospital'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Adjective===
+ # Of a guest; of a guest-friend.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Of hospitality; of gods, protecting guests.^(OLD 2012)
+ # [[m|en|Hospitable]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # For guests, ''hospitālia'', guest rooms.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' As a noun, the warden of a hospital.^(Niermeyer 1976)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[hospitālitās]]
+ * [[inhospitālis]]
+ * [[hospitāle]]
+ * [[hospitālia]]
+ * [[hospitāliter]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[hospes]]
+ * [[hospita]]
+ * [[hospitāculum]]
+ * [[hospitātor]]
+ * [[hospiticīda]]
+ * [[hospitiolum]]
+ * [[hospitium]]
+ * [[hospitīvus]]
+ * [[hospitor]]
+ * [[en|hospital]]
+ * [[en|hospitable]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}