dependeo Latin · revision 7353

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Ovid|origins=la pendeō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [deːˈpɛn.de.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [deˈpɛn.de.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dēpendeō''' (present infinitive dēpendēre, perfect active dēpendī, supine dēpensum); second conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[dē-]] “down” and [[pendeō]] “to hang”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Ovid, and Lewis and Short note it is not frequent before the Augustan period and absent from Cicero and Caesar.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler dates Ovid 43 BC–18 AD.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to hang down from, as Virgil's ''ex umerīs dēpendēre'' “to hang from the shoulders” and Suetonius' hanging from the neck before the breast.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Ovid it meant to proceed from, be derived from, and to depend on.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to hang down, depend, be subject to.^(Stelten 1995) It survives in Spanish and Portuguese ''depender'' and French ''dépendre'', and through Old French it gave [[en|depend]] in the mid-15th century.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of hanging from the shoulders.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of hanging and of depending.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-15th century – English ''depend'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To hang down from.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To be derived from.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|depend]] on.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dēpendulus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[circumpendeō]]

+ * [[impendeō]]

+ * [[pendeō]]

+ * [[praependeō]]

+ * [[prōpendeō]]

+ * [[dēpendō]]

+ * [[en|depend]]

+ * [[en|dependent]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}