convinco Latin · revision 7349
16 Oct 2026, 13:51 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la vincō}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [kɔnˈwɪŋ.koː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [koɱˈviŋ.ko]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''convincō''' (present infinitive convincere, perfect active convīcī, supine convictum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[con-]] and [[vincō]] “to conquer”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Plautus, of refuting a person.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ Lewis and Short note it is always used outside the military sphere.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It meant to overcome, win an argument or lawsuit, as in Lucretius, and in Cicero to find guilty, convict of a crime or fault.^(OLD 2012) It meant to prove wrong, refute a person or argument, as in Plautus and Cicero, and to prove someone's guilt, to demonstrate, as in Terence.^(OLD 2012) In Cicero a god could be said to reject an offering made for a request.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to convict, convince, prove.^(Stelten 1995) [[en|convince]] came in the 1520s, first “to overcome in argument”, and the participle ''convictus'' is the source of [[en|convict]].^(Etymonline) It survives in Italian ''convincere'' and French ''convaincre''.^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of refuting.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of proving.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of convicting.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1520s – English ''convince'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To overcome; to win a case.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To find guilty, [[m|en|convict]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # To refute, prove wrong.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To prove, demonstrate.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[convictiō]]
+ * [[convīctor]]
+ * [[convīctus]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[dēvincō]]
+ * [[ēvincō]]
+ * [[pervincō]]
+ * [[prōvincō]]
+ * [[revincō]]
+ * [[supervincō]]
+ * [[vincō]]
+ * [[en|convince]]
+ * [[en|convict]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}