calculo Latin · revision 7334

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Prudentius|origins=la calx}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkaɫ.kʊ.ɫoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkal.ku.lo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''calculō''' (present infinitive calculāre, perfect active calculāvī, supine calculātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[calculus]] “pebble, counting stone, reckoning” with the verb suffix [[-ō]], and a deponent ⟨calculor⟩ also occurs.^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879) ⟨Calculus⟩ is a diminutive of [[calx]] “limestone, pebble”.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis and Short call it late Latin and cite Prudentius.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to calculate, compute, reckon, as in Prudentius, and figuratively to reckon as, esteem, value, as in Sidonius.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) A noun ''calculō, -ōnis'' meant an accountant, as in Augustine.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to compute, reckon, count.^(Stelten 1995) [[en|calculate]] came in the 1560s from its participle, replacing Middle English ''calculen'' from Old French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Late Latin – Prudentius uses it of reckoning.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ * 354–430 AD – Augustine uses the noun ''calculō''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1560s – English ''calculate'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|calculate]], compute.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # To reckon as, esteem.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[caculātum]]

+ * [[calculātiō]]

+ * [[calculātor]]

+ * [[calculātōrius]]

+ * [[calculātrīx]]

+ * [[calculātūra]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[calculus]]

+ * [[calx]]

+ * [[en|calculate]]

+ * [[en|calculation]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}