advoco Latin · revision 7326
16 Oct 2026, 13:51 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Ennius|origins=la vōx}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈad.wɔ.koː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈad.vo.ko]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''advocō''' (present infinitive advocāre, perfect active advocāvī, supine advocātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[ad-]] “to” and [[vocō]] “to call”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) An inscription has a future ⟨advocāpit⟩.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Ennius, of summoning.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Ennius 204–169 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to call, summon someone to a place, to invite to a meal, as in Lucilius, to summon to a meeting, and to convoke an assembly, as in Varro.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) From Plautus it meant to call in for advice or help, as a witness or audience, and in Tacitus to employ as counsel.^(OLD 2012) It meant to invoke gods in prayer, as in Varro, to summon up resources, to have recourse to, to cite as evidence, as in Seneca, and in Pliny to recommend and to secure an adjournment.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to call, summon.^(Stelten 1995) Its participle ''advocātus'' “one called to help” gave Old French ''avocat'' and [[en|advocate]] in the mid-14th century, and Old French ''avouer'' gave [[en|avow]].^(Etymonline)^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of summoning.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of calling in for help.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of convoking.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of employing counsel.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * mid-14th century – English ''advocate'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To summon; to invite; to convoke.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To call in for help or advice.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To employ as counsel.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To invoke.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To summon up; to have recourse to.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To cite as evidence.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To recommend, ''(law)'' to secure an adjournment.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[advocāta]]
+ * [[advocātiō]]
+ * [[advocātor]]
+ * [[advocātus]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[convocō]]
+ * [[ēvocō]]
+ * [[invocō]]
+ * [[prōvocō]]
+ * [[revocō]]
+ * [[vocō]]
+ * [[en|advocate]]
+ * [[en|avow]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}