aboard English · revision 7319

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=late 14th century}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /əˈbɔːd/ ''(UK)''; /əˈbɔɹd/ ''(US)''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is Middle English abord, formed from [[a-]] and [[board]] in the sense side of a ship,^(MWU 2024)^(NODE 1998)^(Hoad 1986) partly after Old French [[m|fro|à bord|t=on board]], from à, on, and bord, side of a ship, from a Germanic source.^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024)^(SOED 2002) The usual Middle English expression was within borde.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ At the side of a ship: late 14th century in Etymonline;^(Etymonline) alongside a ship, 14th century in Hoad.^(Hoad 1986)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ On or onto a ship is from the mid-15th century,^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) the name of the vessel's sides being extended to the ship itself.^(Etymonline) The call ''all aboard'', warning passengers that a vessel is about to start, is attested by 1829 in Etymonline and 1838 in the OED.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) On or into a train or aircraft is from 1856, chiefly American at first.^(OED 1989) In Lincolnshire and Devon dialect, ''to have something aboard'' meant to be drunk.^(Wright 1898)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * late 14th century – at the side of a ship.^(Etymonline)

+ * mid-15th century – on or onto a ship.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1829 – all aboard!^(Etymonline)

+ * 1856 – on a train or aircraft.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # On board a [[ship]], [[train]], [[aircraft]] or other passenger vehicle.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # Into a group, organization or business.^(AHD)

+ # ''(nautical)'' Alongside a vessel.^(Collins 2023)

+ # ''(baseball)'' On base.^(AHD)

+

+ ===Preposition===

+ # On board of; on or in.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[board]]

+ * [[abroad]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}