dicto Latin · revision 7293
16 Oct 2026, 13:33 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=la dīcō}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈdɪk.toː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈdik.to]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''dictō''' (present infinitive dictāre, perfect active dictāvī, supine dictātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is the frequentative of [[dīcō]] “to say” with the suffix [[-tō]], from its supine stem, as Priscian notes.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Cicero, of dictating.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to say often, repeat, which Lewis and Short call very rare, and in Horace to recite.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) From Cicero it meant to dictate to a scribe, as ''aliquid alicui dictāre'', to compose, as in Suetonius, and to dictate words to be spoken.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Pliny it meant to prescribe, order, in surveying to fix a line, and in Ulpian ''āctiōnem dictāre'' to institute proceedings.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to say repeatedly, order, dictate, prescribe.^(Stelten 1995) It was borrowed early into Old English ''dihtan'', the source of [[en|dight]], and its participle gave [[en|dictate]] in the 1590s.^(Etymonline) It survives in Italian ''dettare'' and French ''dicter''.^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of dictating.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of reciting.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 75–c. 150 AD – Suetonius uses it of composing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1590s – English ''dictate'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To say often; to recite.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To [[m|en|dictate]]; to compose.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To prescribe, order.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''āctiōnem dictāre'', to institute proceedings.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[dictāta]]
+ * [[dictātiō]]
+ * [[dictātor]]
+ * [[dictātrīx]]
+ * [[dictātūra]]
+ * [[ēdictō]]
+ * [[dictābolārium]]
+ * [[dictāmen]]
+ * [[dictitō]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[dīcō]]
+ * [[dictātiuncula]]
+ * [[dictātōrius]]
+ * [[dictiō]]
+ * [[dictiōnārium]]
+ * [[dictiōsus]]
+ * [[dictum]]
+ * [[dictus]]
+ * [[en|dictate]]
+ * [[en|dictator]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}