petitio Latin · revision 7274

16 Oct 2026, 13:23 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Rhetorica ad Herennium|origins=la petō}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [pɛˈtiː.ti.oː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [peˈtit.t͡si.o]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''petītiō''' ''f'' (genitive petītiōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[petō]] “to aim at, attack, seek, ask” with the suffix [[-tiō]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'', of a legal claim.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates it 86/82 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant an attack, a thrust, as Cicero's ''tuās petītiōnēs effūgī'' “I dodged your thrusts”, used figuratively.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) In law it meant a claim in court, a suit, and the right to sue, and in Cicero canvassing for office, candidature.^(OLD 2012) In Gellius it meant the pursuit of an aim, in Pliny a petition or request, and in Apuleius the seeking of a woman in marriage.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant petition, request, desire, prayer.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin used it of a written memorial, a tallage, and a statute.^(Niermeyer 1976) Through Anglo-French and Old French ''peticion'' it gave [[en|petition]] in the mid-14th century, first a supplication to a god.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 86/82 BC – The ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' uses it of a legal claim.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a thrust and of canvassing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny uses it of a request.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * mid-14th century – English ''petition'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # An attack, thrust.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Pursuit of an aim.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A [[m|en|petition]], request.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(law)'' A claim, suit.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Canvassing, [[m|en|candidature]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # Suit for a woman's hand.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A tallage; a statute.^(Niermeyer 1976)
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[petītōrius]]
+ * [[petō]]
+ * [[en|petition]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}