pensio Latin · revision 7270

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Varro|origins=la pendō}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pēnsiō''' ''f'' (genitive pēnsiōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[pendō]] “to weigh out, pay” with the suffix [[-tiō]], literally “a weighing out”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Varro connects it with weighing out bronze money.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Varro, of a payment.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Varro 116–27 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a weighing, a weight, only in Vitruvius, and a payment, especially an instalment, as Cicero's ''prīma pēnsiō'' “the first instalment”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Martial it meant rent, and in Petronius compensation.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant payment, pension.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin used it of interest, a tax and any tribute.^(Niermeyer 1976) [[en|pension]] came in the late 14th century through Old French, first as payment for services or a regular annual payment.^(Etymonline) It survives in Italian ''pigione''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of payment.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses ''prīma pēnsiō''.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial uses it of rent.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''pension'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A weighing; a weight.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A payment, instalment.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Rent.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Compensation.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Interest; a tax.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[pensiuncula]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pendō]]

+ * [[pēnsum]]

+ * [[en|pension]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}