obtineo Latin · revision 7248

16 Oct 2026, 13:23 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la teneō}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ɔpˈtɪ.ne.oː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [obˈtiː.ne.o]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''obtineō''' (present infinitive obtinēre, perfect active obtinuī, supine obtentum); second conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[ob-]] and [[teneō]] “to hold”, and is also spelled ⟨optineō⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) A Scipio epitaph has the perfect ⟨optenuī⟩, and Plautus the infinitive ⟨obtinērier⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Plautus, as ''obtinē aurēs'' “hold my ears tight”.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to hold against, as in Plautus, to maintain, persist in, and to hold a province, kingdom or command, govern.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) From Cicero it meant to keep military control of, and in Caesar to occupy a place.^(OLD 2012) It meant to cover a space, as in Lucretius, to constitute, and of conditions to dominate.^(OLD 2012) It meant to hold a rank or role, fulfil a function, to secure rights, gain one's point, win a case, prevail.^(OLD 2012) In Livy it was used of reports and opinions that prevail, obtain.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to obtain, secure, lay hold of, prevail, maintain, occupy.^(Stelten 1995) Through Old French ''obtenir'' and directly from Latin it gave [[en|obtain]] in the early 15th century.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of holding and of securing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of covering a space.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of control and of winning one's point.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * early 15th century – English ''obtain'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To hold against; to hold tight.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To maintain, persist in.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To govern, hold an office; to occupy.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To cover, extend over; to dominate.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To hold a rank; to fulfil a function.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To secure, gain; to win a case.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To prevail, [[m|en|obtain]].^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[obtentus]]
+ * [[obtinentia]]
+ * [[obtentiō]]
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[abstineō]]
+ * [[attineō]]
+ * [[circumteneō]]
+ * [[contineō]]
+ * [[dētineō]]
+ * [[distineō]]
+ * [[pertineō]]
+ * [[retineō]]
+ * [[sustineō]]
+ * [[teneō]]
+ * [[en|obtain]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}