dormio Latin · revision 723

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈdɔr.mi.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈdɔr.mi.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dormiō''' (present infinitive dormīre, perfect active dormīvī or dormiī, supine dormītum); fourth conjugation, impersonal in the passive^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*dormje/o-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*dr̥m-yé-|t=to sleep]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan notes that the roots *drem- and *dreH- both mean “to run” and “to sleep”, the second sense being found for *drem- only in Latin and Slavic.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ Cognate with [[cu|дрѣмати|tr=drěmati|t=to doze]], [[ru|дремать|tr=drematʹ|t=to doze]], [[sa|द्राति|tr=drāti|t=sleeps]] and [[grc|δαρθάνω|tr=darthánō|t=to fall asleep]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Plautus onwards,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) who has a character told to go to bed answer ''dormio'' “I am [[m|en|asleep]], don't shout”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Besides sleeping, it meant to behave as if asleep, to be idle or inactive, as when Cicero attacks a consul who sat “dozing” in a crisis.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In poetry it took an object of time, as in Catullus' “one everlasting night must be slept”.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It also stood for the sleep of death, especially in Christian epitaphs.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) Cicero's ''non omnibus dormio'' “I do not sleep for everyone” meant “I am not blind to everything”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ It survives as French and Spanish ''dormir'' and Italian ''dormire'',^(Wiktionary) and its derivative ''[[dormitorium]]'' gave [[en|dormitory]], while the participle gave [[en|dormant]] through French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it for sleeping.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses the future ''dormibit''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus writes of one everlasting night to be slept.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of an idle consul.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|sleep]], be asleep, fall asleep.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To sleep through (a period of time).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To be idle, inactive.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To sleep the sleep of death.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[addormiō]]

+ * [[condormiō]]

+ * [[dormītiō]]

+ * [[dormītō]]

+ * [[dormītor]]

+ * [[ēdormiō]]

+ * [[indormiō]]

+ * [[obdormiō]]

+ * [[prōdormiō]]

+ * [[redormiō]]

+ * [[dormīscō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|dormant]]

+ * [[en|dormitory]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}