unio Latin · revision 7208

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Pliny|origins=la ūnus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈuː.ni.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈuː.ni.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ūniō''' ''f'' or m (genitive ūniōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[ūnus]] “one” with the suffix [[-iō]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's first source is Pliny, whom he dates 23/24–79 AD, and Lewis and Short cite Pliny for a single large pearl.^(Köbler 2010)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Latin it meant a large single pearl, masculine, as in Pliny, Seneca and Martial, and the ''Historia Augusta'' has ''ūniōnēs Cleopatrānae''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Christian Latin it meant the number one, oneness, unity, as in Jerome and Tertullian, and then union, as Jerome's Mary “made fruitful by union with God”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) Tertullian uses ''ūniō coniugiī'' of monogamy, and Isidore of the ace at dice.^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant union.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin used it of unity, the number one, and union.^(Niermeyer 1976) [[en|union]] came in the early 15th century through Anglo-French, of joining things into one.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny uses it of a pearl.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 160–220 AD – Tertullian uses it of oneness.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 383–419/420 AD – Jerome uses it of union with God.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English ''union'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A large single [[m|en|pearl]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Christian Latin)'' The number one, oneness, [[m|en|unity]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' [[m|en|Union]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # The ace at dice.^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ūniscō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ūnus]]

+ * [[ūnitās]]

+ * [[margarīta]]

+ * [[en|union]]

+ * [[en|onion]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Columella reports that country people call a kind of onion ''ūniō''.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Etymonline derives [[en|onion]] from it through Anglo-French, but the OLD treats the onion word, with short ''u-'', separately, and Wiktionary derives it from a Proto-Italic *uznjō, from [[ine-pro|*wósh₂r̥|t=garlic, onion]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)^(Etymonline)^(Wiktionary) A verb ''ūniō, ūnīre'' “to unite” is post-Augustan and very rare, as in Seneca.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}