recuso Latin · revision 7198

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cato|origins=la causa}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [rɛˈkuː.soː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [reˈkuː.s̬o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''recūsō''' (present infinitive recūsāre, perfect active recūsāvī, supine recūsātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[re-]] and [[causa]] “cause, lawsuit” with the verb suffix [[-ō]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) Priscian derives it from ⟨cūsāre⟩.^(TLL) Virgil has a genitive plural participle ⟨recūsantum⟩.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Cato, used absolutely, of objecting.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Cato 234–149 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In law it meant to put in an objection, demur, as in Cicero, and generally to protest.^(OLD 2012) From Terence it meant to decline, refuse, reject, as Caesar's ''populī Rōmānī amīcitiam recūsāre'', and with an infinitive or clause to refuse to, oppose the idea that.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Cicero also uses it of things not taking or rejecting something.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein explains that ''spernimus'' things to be rejected, ''contemnimus'' great and fearful things, ''dēspicimus'' things beneath us.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to refuse, decline.^(Stelten 1995) Through Old French ''recuser'' it gave [[en|recuse]] in the late 14th century, especially of rejecting a judge as prejudiced.^(Etymonline) It survives in Italian ''ricusare'' and Spanish ''recusar'', and Old French ''reüsier'' gave French ''ruser''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of objecting.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of refusing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a legal objection.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''recuse'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # ''(law)'' To object, demur; to protest.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To decline, [[m|en|refuse]], reject.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To refuse to; to oppose.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Of things, to reject.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[recusabilis]]

+ * [[recūsātiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[causa]]

+ * [[accūsō]]

+ * [[excūsō]]

+ * [[en|recuse]]

+ * [[en|refuse]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}