radio Latin · revision 7174
16 Oct 2026, 13:18 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Varro|origins=la radius}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈra.di.oː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈraː.di.o]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''radiō''' (present infinitive radiāre, perfect active radiāvī, supine radiātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[radius]] “spoke of a wheel, ray” with the verb suffix [[-ō]], and a deponent ⟨radior⟩ is also found.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Lewis and Short cite Varro's ''rota radiāta'' “a spoked wheel”, and the TLL notes that the participle is attested first.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) Köbler dates Varro 116–27 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ In the sense of ''radius'' “spoke” it meant to furnish with spokes, as Varro's spoked wheel.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Its main sense was to radiate light, beam, shine, and Ovid uses the deponent, and also ''radiārī gemmīs'' “to gleam with jewels”.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to radiate, emit rays.^(Stelten 1995) [[en|radiate]] came in the 1610s from its participle ''radiātus'', and [[en|radiation]] in the mid-15th century from ''radiātiō''.^(Etymonline) It survives in Italian ''raggiare'' and French ''rayer''.^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 116–27 BC – Varro has ''rota radiāta''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of gleaming.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1610s – English ''radiate'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To furnish with spokes.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ # To [[m|en|radiate]], beam, shine.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[irradiō]]
+ * [[obradiō]]
+ * [[praeradiō]]
+ * [[radiāns]]
+ * [[radiātilis]]
+ * [[radiātiō]]
+ * [[radiātus]]
+ * [[surradiō]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[radiolus]]
+ * [[radiōsus]]
+ * [[radius]]
+ * [[en|radiate]]
+ * [[en|radiation]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}