querela Latin · revision 7173
16 Oct 2026, 13:18 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la queror}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [kʷɛˈreː.ɫa]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [kʷeˈrɛː.la]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''querēla''' ''f'' (genitive querēlae); first declension^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[queror]] “to complain” with the suffix [[-ēla]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also spelled ⟨querella⟩, which Wiktionary explains as a reanalysis as a diminutive.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Plautus, of a complaint.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant a complaint, grievance, protest, as Cicero's complaints of several people, and in Petronius a formal legal complaint.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In poetry it meant a lament, as in Horace, and plaintive natural sounds, as in Cicero and Virgil.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It also meant a difference of opinion, a grievance, and in Seneca a bodily complaint, illness.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein explains that ''questus'' and ''quīrītātiō'' are expressions of pain, while ''querimōnia'' and ''querēla'' are expressions of indignation.^(Döderlein 1874)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant complaint, action, accusation.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin used it of a request, a claim and a legal contestation, and British Medieval Latin of a plaint or suit.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS) [[en|quarrel]] came in the mid-14th century through Old French ''querele''.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a complaint.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of grievances.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of plaintive sounds.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * mid-14th century – English ''quarrel'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A [[m|en|complaint]], protest, ''(law)'' a formal complaint.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A lament; a plaintive sound.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A difference of opinion, [[m|en|quarrel]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # A grievance; an illness.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A claim; a lawsuit.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[querelosus]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[queror]]
+ * [[querimōnia]]
+ * [[questus]]
+ * [[en|quarrel]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}