luridus Latin · revision 716

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɫuː.rɪ.dʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈluː.ri.dus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''lūridus''' (feminine lūrida, neuter lūridum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The source is very uncertain.^(de Vaan 2008)^(TLL) Schrijver connects it with Welsh words for light and the moon such as [[cy|lloer|t=moon]], from *le/ous-, while Nussbaum relates it to [[lividus|alt=līvidus]] “bluish”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Etymonline) Georges and Etymonline compare [[grc|χλωρός|tr=khlōrós|t=pale green]].^(Georges 1913)^(Etymonline) It goes with [[luror|alt=lūror]] “sallowness”, which de Vaan takes to be derived from the adjective.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Isidore of Seville derived it from [[lorum|alt=lōrum]] “strap”, as of skin the colour of leather.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is attested from Plautus onwards,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) who describes a body “spotted with [[m|en|livid]] blotches”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It described a sickly yellow or ghastly pale colour, of skin, teeth, bile and the sun or moon seen through haze, and Festus explains it as “pale beyond measure”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Horace calls the god of the underworld ''luridus Orcus''.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Poets also used it in a causative sense, of what makes pale, such as horror, aconite and death.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ The TLL notes that it is mainly poetic.^(TLL) It survives in Italian ''lordo'' “dirty”,^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) and English borrowed it as [[en|lurid]] in the 1650s, first meaning “pale, wan”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of livid blotches.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace writes of ''luridus Orcus'' and yellowed teeth.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of pallor and of aconite.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1650s – English borrows it as [[en|lurid]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Sickly yellow, sallow, [[m|en|wan]], ghastly pale.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(poetic)'' Making pale, ghastly.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[luridatus]]

+ * [[obluridus]]

+ * [[lurdus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[lūreō]]

+ * [[lūror]]

+ * [[līvidus]]

+ * [[en|lurid]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}