profiteor Latin · revision 7153

16 Oct 2026, 13:18 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Ennius|origins=la fateor}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [prɔˈfɪ.te.ɔr]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [proˈfiː.te.or]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''profiteor''' (present infinitive profitērī, perfect active professus sum); second conjugation, deponent^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[prō-]] “forth, publicly” and [[fateor]] “to acknowledge”, as Varro noted.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) The Tabula Heracleensis has old forms ⟨profitērei⟩ and ⟨profitēminō⟩.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Ennius, of declaring openly.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Ennius 204–169 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to declare openly, avow, as in Cicero, and to make a return of property to the authorities, and ''nōmen profitērī'' to enrol, as in Livy.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It meant to promise one's help, to undertake to be, and in Sallust ''indicium profitērī'' to volunteer evidence.^(OLD 2012) From Cicero it meant to profess, lay claim to a quality, to profess oneself to be, to make something one's profession, and to teach a subject publicly.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein explains that ''fatērī'' is to disclose, ''profitērī'' to avow freely and openly.^(Döderlein 1874)
+ 
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to profess, admit, acknowledge.^(Stelten 1995) Its agent noun ''professor'' gave [[en|professor]] in the late 14th century, and its participle ''professus'' gave [[en|profess]] in the early 14th century, first “to take a vow”.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of declaring.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust uses ''indicium profitērī''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of professing and teaching.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To declare openly, avow.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To make a return of property, ''nōmen profitērī'', to enrol.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To promise, offer.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To [[m|en|profess]], lay claim to; to profess to be.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To practise; to teach publicly.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[improfessus]]
+ * [[professiō]]
+ * [[professor]]
+ * [[professōrius]]
+ * [[prŏfessus]]
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[cōnfiteor]]
+ * [[diffiteor]]
+ * [[fateor]]
+ * [[en|profess]]
+ * [[en|professor]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}