quadratus Latin · revision 7129

16 Oct 2026, 13:15 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Ennius|origins=la quattuor}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [kʷaˈdraː.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [kʷaˈdraː.tus]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''quadrātus''' (feminine ''quadrāta'', neuter ''quadrātum''), first/second-declension adjective; as a noun ''quadrātus'' m, ''quadrātum'' n, a square.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is the perfect participle of [[quadrō]] “to make square”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Ennius, of ''Rōma quadrāta'', an area on the Palatine.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Ennius 204–169 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant divided into four parts, as Varro's verses, and of an angle containing ninety degrees.^(OLD 2012) It meant of stone squared, dressed, ''saxum quadrātum'', square in shape, as Lucretius' ''turris quadrāta'' and Pliny's ''quadrātus pēs'' “square foot”, and cubical.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) ''Rōma quadrāta'' was an area on the Palatine of augural importance, and in Cato it was used of an army formed into a square.^(OLD 2012) Of persons it meant squarely built, stocky, as in Varro, of style compact, as in Quintilian, and in mathematics squared or cubed.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant square, and as a noun a square.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin used it of a stone block.^(Niermeyer 1976) It survives in Italian ''quadrato'', Spanish ''cuadrado'' and French ''carré''.^(Wiktionary) ''Quadrātus'' was also a Roman surname.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius mentions ''Rōma quadrāta''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of an army in square.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of squared stone and stocky men.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian uses it of compact style.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Adjective===
+ # Divided into four; of an angle, right.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Squared, dressed; square; cubical.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Of an army, formed into a square.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Squarely built, stocky; of style, compact.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Of a number, squared.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ===Noun===
+ # A [[m|en|square]]; a square number.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Stelten 1995)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A stone block.^(Niermeyer 1976)
+ 
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[quadrātārius]]
+ * [[quadrātiō]]
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[quadrātē]]
+ * [[quadrātor]]
+ * [[quadrātum]]
+ * [[quadrātūra]]
+ * [[quadrō]]
+ * [[quadrula]]
+ * [[quadrus]]
+ * [[en|quadrate]]
+ * [[en|square]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}