purgo Latin · revision 7128

+ {{infobox|confidence=disputed|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la pūrus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈpuːr.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈpur.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pūrgō''' (present infinitive pūrgāre, perfect active pūrgāvī, supine pūrgātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from older ⟨pūrigō⟩, still in Plautus and Varro, from [[pūrus]] “pure” with the suffix [[-igō]], as in [[fūmigō]] from [[fūmus]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) Lewis and Short take it as a contraction of ⟨pūrum agō⟩ “to make pure”.^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan instead derives it from a Proto-Italic *pūr “fire” and [[agō]] “to do”, first meaning “to lead the fire about”, and Gregory Nagy compares [[xum|ahtimem]] in a fire ritual.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Plautus, with the form ''pūrigō'', and Cato, of cleaning and of medical purging.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to clean, free from dirt, refine metals, as Cato's olives cleaned of leaves, of water and sky to clear, and to clear a space of weeds or debris, or of pests and undesirable persons.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) It meant to husk, gut fish, stone fruit, and in medicine to purge the body, as in Cato.^(OLD 2012) It meant to purify ceremonially, as in Tibullus, to free from troubles, as in Lucretius, and in Plautus to clear oneself of an offence, apologize, atone.^(OLD 2012) From Cicero it meant to exonerate, justify, excuse, and to refute an accusation.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to purify, cleanse.^(Stelten 1995) Through Old French ''purgier'' it gave [[en|purge]] about 1300, first “to clear of a charge”, and Medieval Latin ''purgātōrium'' gave [[en|purgatory]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses ''pūrigō'' of excusing oneself.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of cleaning and of purging.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of exonerating.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1300 – English ''purge'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To clean, cleanse; to refine.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To clear a space; to rid of pests.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To husk; to gut; to stone fruit.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(medicine)'' To [[m|en|purge]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To purify ritually.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To free from troubles.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To clear oneself, apologize; to atone for.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|exonerate]]; to justify, excuse.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[circumpūrgō]]

+ * [[compūrgō]]

+ * [[dēpurgō]]

+ * [[expūrgō]]

+ * [[interpurgo]]

+ * [[perpūrgō]]

+ * [[praepurgo]]

+ * [[prōpūrgō]]

+ * [[purgābilis]]

+ * [[purgāmen]]

+ * [[pūrgāmentum]]

+ * [[pūrgātiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pūrus]]

+ * [[en|purge]]

+ * [[en|purgatory]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}