secerno Latin · revision 7083

16 Oct 2026, 13:11 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Ennius|origins=la cernō}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [seːˈkɛr.noː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [seˈt͡ʃɛr.no]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''sēcernō''' (present infinitive sēcernere, perfect active sēcrēvī, supine sēcrētum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[sē-]] “apart” and [[cernō]] “to sift, distinguish”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lucretius has the old infinitive ⟨sēcernier⟩.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Ennius, of discarding what is unfit.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Ennius 204–169 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to separate off, remove from a group, as in Varro, and Cicero's ''sē ā bonīs sēcernere'' “to separate oneself from the good”, to cut off by a barrier, and to detach from an alliance.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It meant to set aside for a purpose, as in Livy, or as unfit, discard, as in Ennius.^(OLD 2012) From Cicero it meant to distinguish, treat as distinct, and to divide into parts.^(OLD 2012) Lewis and Short call it frequent and classical but absent from Caesar.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ 
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to separate, set apart, hide, distinguish, discern.^(Stelten 1995) Its participle ''sēcrētus'' “set apart, hidden” and the noun ''sēcrētum'' gave [[en|secret]] in the late 14th century, and [[en|secrete]] in 1707 is a back-formation from ''secretion''.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of discarding.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of separating off.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of distinguishing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * late 14th century – English ''secret'' is recorded, from ''sēcrētum''.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To separate off; to cut off; to detach.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To set aside; to discard.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To distinguish, treat as distinct.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To divide into parts.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[sēcrētārium]]
+ * [[sēcrētim]]
+ * [[sēcrētiō]]
+ * [[sēcrētārius]]
+ * [[sēcrētē]]
+ * [[sēcrētō]]
+ * [[sēcrētum]]
+ * [[sēcrētus]]
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[cernō]]
+ * [[concernō]]
+ * [[dēcernō]]
+ * [[discernō]]
+ * [[excernō]]
+ * [[incernō]]
+ * [[en|secret]]
+ * [[en|secrete]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}