sacro Latin · revision 7078

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Sallust|origins=la sacer}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈsa.kroː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈsaː.kro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sacrō''' (present infinitive sacrāre, perfect active sacrāvī, supine sacrātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from Proto-Italic *sakrāō, by surface analysis [[sacer]] “sacred” with the verb suffix [[-ō]].^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Sallust, of consecrating to a god.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Sallust 86–34 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to set apart for a god, consecrate, dedicate, as Cicero's laws and Virgil's ''ārās sacrāre'', and in Livy to devote to destruction.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It meant to make an oath subject to religious sanction, as in Cicero, to bind with an oath, as in Catullus, and to give sacred status to, enshrine, as in Livy.^(OLD 2012) From Seneca it meant to deify, exalt, and figuratively to hallow in verse, as in Horace.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein explains that ''sacrāre'' and ''cōnsecrāre'' withdraw a thing from profane use, ''dicāre'' and ''dēdicāre'' devote it to a god.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to consecrate, make holy.^(Stelten 1995) Through Old French ''sacrer'' and directly from Latin it gave the Middle English verb ''sacren'', whose participle is [[en|sacred]].^(Etymonline) It survives in Spanish and Portuguese ''sagrar''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust uses it of consecrating.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of oaths.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of devoting to destruction.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''sacred'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|consecrate]], dedicate.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To devote to destruction.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To bind by a religious sanction or oath.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To enshrine; to deify; to hallow.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To make holy.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dēsacrō]]

+ * [[obsecrō]]

+ * [[prosecro]]

+ * [[resecrō]]

+ * [[sacrāmentum]]

+ * [[sacrātiō]]

+ * [[sacrātor]]

+ * [[cōnsecrō]]

+ * [[sacrātē]]

+ * [[sacrātus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sacer]]

+ * [[sacerdōs]]

+ * [[sacerdōtālis]]

+ * [[sacerdōtium]]

+ * [[sacerdōtula]]

+ * [[sacrāmentālis]]

+ * [[sacrārium]]

+ * [[sacrārius]]

+ * [[sacricola]]

+ * [[sacrifer]]

+ * [[en|sacred]]

+ * [[en|consecrate]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}