stuppa Latin · revision 7014

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=Lucretius|origins=grc στύππη}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''stuppa''' ''f'' (genitive stuppae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|στύππη|tr=stúppē|t=tow]], which Wiktionary takes to be probably from Pre-Greek or another Mediterranean substrate.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is less correctly spelled ⟨stūpa⟩ and ⟨stīpa⟩.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Isidore derives it from ⟨stīpāre⟩ “to pack”, because the seams of ships are packed with it.^(Isidore)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis and Short cite Varro in Gellius and Lucretius among the earliest authors.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler starts with Cicero, and dates Lucretius 96–55 BC.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant the coarse part of flax or hemp, tow, oakum, as in Lucretius, Caesar, Livy, Virgil and Pliny.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) Isidore calls it the tow of hemp or flax.^(Isidore)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant the coarse part of flax, tow.^(Stelten 1995) In Medieval Latin it was also a candle-wick.^(Niermeyer 1976) It survives in Italian ''stoppa'', French ''étoupe'' and Spanish and Portuguese ''estopa''.^(Wiktionary) Old French ''estoper'' “to plug, stop up”, from ''estope'' “tow”, gave [[en|estop]], and Etymonline reports that many derive Germanic words for “to stop up” from a Vulgar Latin *stuppāre.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 560–636 AD – Isidore explains it from ''stīpāre''.^(Isidore)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1530s – English ''estop'' is recorded, through Old French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Coarse flax or hemp, [[m|en|tow]], [[m|en|oakum]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A candle-wick.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[stuppārius]]

+ * [[stuppātor]]

+ * [[stuppeus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[stīpō]]

+ * [[en|estop]]

+ * [[en|stop]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}