strictus Latin · revision 7013

16 Oct 2026, 12:58 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Ovid|origins=ine-pro *streyg-}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈstrɪk.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈstrik.tus]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''strictus''' (feminine stricta, neuter strictum, adverb strictim); first/second-declension participle^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is the perfect participle of [[stringō]] “to draw tight, bind”, from Proto-Italic *strigtos, from [[ine-pro|*strigtós]], from [[ine-pro|*streyg-]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Köbler's first source for the adjective is Ovid, whom he dates 43 BC–18 AD, and Gaffiot cites Ovid's ''strictissima iānua'' “a very narrow door”.^(Köbler 2010)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ As an adjective it meant drawn tight, narrow, as in Ovid, compact, well knit, dense, as in Celsus.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(OLD 2012) Of writers it meant concise, terse, as in Seneca, and of a judge or judgement rigorous, strict, so that ''strictō iūre'' meant by the strict letter of the law, as in Gaius.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant close, tight, strict, brief, concise, severe.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used it as a noun for a narrow passage of water, a strait.^(DMLBS) It survives in Italian ''stretto'', French ''étroit'', Spanish ''estrecho'' and Portuguese ''estreito''.^(Wiktionary) [[en|strict]] came in the early 15th century, first in the physical sense “narrow, drawn in tight”.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of a narrow door.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus uses it of what is compact.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of concise writing and strict judgement.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * early 15th century – English ''strict'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Participle===
+ # Drawn tight, [[m|en|narrow]].^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ # Compact, well knit; dense.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Of writing, concise, [[m|en|terse]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # Rigorous, [[m|en|strict]], ''strictō iūre'', by the strict letter of the law.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|strait]].^(DMLBS)
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[strictē]]
+ * [[strictiō]]
+ * [[strictīvus]]
+ * [[strictor]]
+ * [[strictūra]]
+ * [[stringō]]
+ * [[en|strict]]
+ * [[en|strait]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}