quiesco Latin · revision 7009

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la quiēs}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [kʷiˈeːs.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [kʷiˈɛs.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''quiēscō''' (present infinitive quiēscere, perfect active quiēvī, supine quiētum); third conjugation, no passive^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from a stem *quiē- (as in [[quiēs]] “rest”) with the inchoative suffix [[-scō]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Its perfect forms are often contracted, as ⟨quiēsse⟩ for ⟨quiēvisse⟩.^(OLD 2012) Etymonline traces ⟨quiēs⟩ to [[ine-pro|*kʷyeh₁-|t=to rest]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Plautus, of sleeping and of keeping silent, and Ennius, of resting.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to sleep, fall asleep, to rest from toil, as Cicero's time for action and time for rest, of fallow land to lie idle, and of the dead to rest, as Ovid's “may his bones rest more happily”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) From Cicero it meant to take no action, stay quiet, keep out of politics, remain neutral, and also to be silent.^(OLD 2012) It meant to refrain from violence, remain calm, of forces and conditions to die down, subside, as in Virgil, and of things to be in abeyance.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to cease, rest, be still, be at peace.^(Stelten 1995) [[en|quiesce]] is recorded from 1821, while [[en|quiet]], [[en|quit]] and [[en|coy]] come from ''quiēs'' and the participle [[quiētus]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of sleep and of silence.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of rest.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of inaction and neutrality.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of winds dying down.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1821 – English ''quiesce'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To sleep, fall asleep.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To rest; of land, to lie fallow; of the dead, to rest.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To do nothing, keep quiet; to remain neutral.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To be silent.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To remain peaceful, keep calm.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To die down, [[m|en|subside]], abate.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To be in abeyance, remain [[m|en|dormant]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[acquiēscō]]

+ * [[conquiēscō]]

+ * [[interquiēscō]]

+ * [[perquiescō]]

+ * [[quiēscentia]]

+ * [[quiētus]]

+ * [[requiēscō]]

+ * [[adquiēscō]]

+ * [[quiētē]]

+ * [[quiētōrium]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[quiēs]]

+ * [[quiētūdō]]

+ * [[en|quiet]]

+ * [[en|quiesce]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}