turner English · revision 7007

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 1400}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˈtɝ.nɚ/, /ˈtɜː.nə(ɹ)/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[turn]] and [[-er]],^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024) or else is [[bor|fro|torneor]], tornere,^(Etymonline)^(SOED 2002)^(NODE 1998) from Late Latin [[m|la-lat|tornator]], from [[m|la|torno|alt=tornāre|t=to turn on a lathe]].^(NODE 1998)^(SOED 2002)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ One who shapes objects of wood, metal or bone on a lathe: about 1400.^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline) MWU dates it to the 13th century, and as a surname it is from the late 13th century.^(MWU 2024)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ A translator is a rare obsolete sense of 1387.^(OED 1989) A potter who smooths the ware before firing is from 1601,^(OED 1989) and one who turns in general senses from about 1440.^(OED 1989) In Scotland a turner was a copper coin worth two pennies Scots, struck under James VI, perhaps from tournois.^(Wright 1898)^(SOED 2002) A German-style gymnast, a member of a Turnverein, is from 1854.^(MWU 2024)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1387 – a translator (obsolete).^(OED 1989)

+ * c. 1400 – a lathe worker.^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline)

+ * 1601 – a potter.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1854 – a gymnast (from German).^(MWU 2024)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A person who shapes wood or metal on a [[lathe]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A person or thing that turns something.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A gymnast, especially a member of a German-American gymnastics club.^(AHD)^(MWU 2024)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[woodturner]]

+ * [[page-turner]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[turn]]

+ * [[lathe]]

+ * [[tour]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}