excipio Latin · revision 6992

16 Oct 2026, 12:58 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la capiō}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ɛksˈkɪ.pi.oː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [eksˈt͡ʃiː.pi.o]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''excipiō''' (present infinitive excipere, perfect active excēpī, supine exceptum); third (-iō variant) conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[ex-]] and [[capiō]] “to take”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) Inscriptions spell it ⟨esc-⟩ and ⟨exsc-⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Plautus, of picking up out of the water, of excepting and of taking in.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to take out, as Cicero's drawing someone from the sea, to gather, and to except, exclude, and the ablative absolute ''exceptō quod'' meant “except that”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) In law it meant to stipulate, withhold, of a seller to exclude a defect from warranty, and of a defendant to plead an ''exceptiō''.^(OLD 2012) It meant to receive, accept, support a weight, absorb, take down from dictation, take under one's care, as in Plautus, and to greet or receive in some manner, even with applause, as in Cicero.^(OLD 2012) It meant to sustain an attack, undertake a task, catch something falling, capture by ambush, as in Caesar, catch words, succeed to, and follow after.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to take out, accept, make an exception for, exclude.^(Stelten 1995) [[en|except]] came in the late 14th century through Old French from its participle ''exceptus'', and [[en|exception]] from its noun ''exceptiō''.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of excepting and of taking in.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of gathering and of ambush.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of receiving and of sustaining attacks.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * late 14th century – English ''except'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To take out; to pick up; to gather.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To [[m|en|except]], exclude, ''exceptō quod'', except that.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(law)'' To stipulate; to plead an exception.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To receive, accept; to support; to absorb.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To take down from dictation.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To take in, shelter; to welcome, greet; to applaud.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To sustain an attack; to undertake.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To catch; to [[m|en|intercept]], ambush.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To succeed to; to follow.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[exceptīcius]]
+ * [[exceptiō]]
+ * [[exceptō]]
+ * [[exceptor]]
+ * [[excerptum]]
+ * [[excipulum]]
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[capiō]]
+ * [[en|except]]
+ * [[en|exception]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}