corruptio Latin · revision 6988
16 Oct 2026, 12:58 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)”
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=la rumpō}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [kɔrˈrʊp.ti.oː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [korˈrup.t͡si.o]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''corruptiō''' ''f'' (genitive corruptiōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[corrumpō]] “to destroy, spoil, corrupt” with the suffix [[-tiō]], and is also spelled ⟨conruptiō⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) Diomedes distinguishes ⟨corruptēla⟩, the thing, from ⟨corruptiō⟩, the act of corrupting.^(TLL)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Cicero, of a diseased condition.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant a diseased or corrupt condition, as Cicero's ''Tusculans'', and the corrupting of loyalty by bribery or other means, as in Sallust and Tacitus' ''corruptiō mīlitum''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+
+ British Medieval Latin used it of physical corruption, decay, rot and infection.^(DMLBS) Medieval Latin also used it of moral depravity.^(Niermeyer 1976) [[en|corruption]] came in the mid-14th century, of the decay of bodies and of moral depravity.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a diseased state.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust uses it of bribery.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of corrupting soldiers.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * mid-14th century – English ''corruption'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A diseased or corrupt condition.^(OLD 2012)
+ # [[m|en|Bribery]], seduction from loyalty, [[m|en|corruption]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Decay, rot; moral depravity.^(DMLBS)^(Niermeyer 1976)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[incorruptiō]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[corrumpo]]
+ * [[corrupte]]
+ * [[corruptela]]
+ * [[corruptor]]
+ * [[corruptus]]
+ * [[en|corruption]]
+ * [[en|corrupt]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}