controversia Latin · revision 6987

16 Oct 2026, 12:58 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la vertō}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [kɔn.troːˈwɛr.si.a]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [kon.troˈvɛr.si.a]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''contrōversia''' ''f'' (genitive contrōversiae); first declension^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[contrōversus]] “turned against” with the suffix [[-ia]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) Plautus, Terence and an inscription have the older ⟨contrōvorsia⟩, and another inscription ⟨contrāversia⟩.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Plautus, of a dispute.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ Lewis and Short give its literal sense, a turning against, as in the Digest's onrush of water against a building.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) It meant arguing, a dispute, and ''in contrōversiā esse'' to be disputed, ''sine contrōversiā'' beyond question, as in Terence.^(OLD 2012) In the schools of rhetoric it meant a hypothetical law case debated as an exercise.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein explains that ''disceptātiō'' and ''contrōversia'' are disputes settled quietly and in order, ''contentiō'' and ''iūrgium'' ones conducted with passion.^(Döderlein 1874)
+ 
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant controversy, contention, dispute.^(Stelten 1995) [[en|controversy]] came in the late 14th century from Old French or directly from Latin.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a dispute.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses ''sine contrōversiā''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * late 14th century – English ''controversy'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A dispute, argument, [[m|en|controversy]], ''sine contrōversiā'', indisputably.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(rhetoric)'' A fictitious law case debated as an exercise.^(OLD 2012)
+ # An onrush of water.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[contrōversus]]
+ * [[disceptātiō]]
+ * [[contentiō]]
+ * [[en|controversy]]
+ * [[en|controversial]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}