exprimo Latin · revision 6932

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la premō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɛk.sprɪ.moː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈɛk.spri.mo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''exprimō''' (present infinitive exprimere, perfect active expressī, supine expressum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[ex-]] and [[premō]] “to press”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) Some late medical writers have ⟨expremō⟩, perhaps a recomposition.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Plautus, of stamping a design, and Cato, of squeezing out liquid.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC and Cato 234–149 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to squeeze or press out, wring out, as Cato's pressing and Pliny's oil pressed from almonds, to eject by pressure, and in Caesar to raise up.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It meant to extract, extort something from a person, as in Cicero, and in Lucretius to force out sounds.^(OLD 2012) It meant to stamp a design, and so to make a likeness, copy, portray in sculpture or painting, as in Horace.^(OLD 2012) In Terence it meant to render in another language, translate, and in Cicero and later writers to express in words, describe, state expressly, and to articulate sounds precisely.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to express, represent, describe.^(Stelten 1995) It survives in Italian ''spremere'' “to squeeze” and Portuguese ''espremer'', and was borrowed as French ''exprimer''.^(Wiktionary) [[en|express]] came in the late 14th century through Old French and Medieval Latin ''expressāre''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of stamping a design.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of squeezing out.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of translating.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of expressing in words.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''express'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To squeeze, press out, wring out; to eject by pressure.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To press upward, raise.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To extract, [[m|en|extort]]; to force out sounds.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To stamp a design; to copy, portray.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To render in another language, [[m|en|translate]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|express]] in words, describe; to state expressly.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To articulate precisely.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[expressim]]

+ * [[expressiō]]

+ * [[expressor]]

+ * [[expressus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[premō]]

+ * [[en|express]]

+ * [[en|expression]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}