placidus Latin · revision 6848
16 Oct 2026, 12:39 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)”
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Naevius|origins=ine-pro *pleh₂k-}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈpɫa.kɪ.dʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈplaː.t͡ʃi.dus]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''placidus''' (feminine placida, neuter placidum, adverb placidē); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[af|la|placeō|-idus|t1=to please]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008) ''Placeō'' goes back to [[itc-pro|*plak-ē-]], [[ine-pro|*pl(e)h₂k-|t=to agree, be pleasant]].^(de Vaan 2008)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ De Vaan dates it from Naevius.^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD's first citations are from Plautus, of a kindly wife and a dog as tame as a sheep.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Naevius c. 235–200 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ Of persons it meant disposed to please, kindly, indulgent, as Terence's gentle and forgiving father, and of animals tame, quiet.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Of the weather and sea it meant calm, tranquil, and of conditions free from stress, peaceful, quiet.^(OLD 2012) Lewis and Short give [[quiētus]], [[mollis]] and [[lēnis]] as synonyms.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ In Medieval Latin it meant ingratiating, kindly, pleasant.^(DMLBS) [[en|placid]] was borrowed in the 1620s.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a kindly wife and a tame dog.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of a gentle father.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1620s – English ''placid'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Adjective===
+ # Kindly, [[m|en|indulgent]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(of animals)'' [[m|en|Tame]], quiet.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(of weather, sea)'' [[m|en|Calm]], tranquil.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Peaceful, untroubled.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[implacidus]]
+ * [[placida]]
+ * [[placiditās]]
+ * [[placido]]
+ * [[placidulus]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[placēns]]
+ * [[placentia]]
+ * [[placeō]]
+ * [[placibilis]]
+ * [[placidē]]
+ * [[placitō]]
+ * [[placitum]]
+ * [[placitus]]
+ * [[placīvus]]
+ * [[placor]]
+ * [[plācō]]
+ * [[en|placid]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}