metuo Latin · revision 6839

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈmɛ.tu.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈmɛː.tu.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''metuō''' (present infinitive metuere, perfect active metuī, supine metūtum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a verb from [[metus]] “fear”, a third-conjugation denominative from a u-stem like [[statuō]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) The origin of ''metus'' is unclear: Klingenschmitt connects it with [[sga|moth|t=astonishment]], which de Vaan finds semantically attractive but phonetically unexplained.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first citations are from Plautus, whose slave fears and cares for his master.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to fear, be afraid of a person or thing, as Terence and Cicero use it, to view a future danger with alarm, apprehend, as Plautus' slaves who fear punishment even when blameless, and absolutely to be afraid.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) The perfect participle ''metūtum'' is perhaps found only in Lucretius.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Döderlein says [[vereor]] is awe of what is venerable, while ''metuō'' and [[timeō]] are fear of danger.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of slaves fearing punishment.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses the participle ''metūtum''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|fear]], be afraid of.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To apprehend, [[m|en|dread]] (a future event).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To be afraid.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[praemetuō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[metus]]

+ * [[timeō]]

+ * [[vereor]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}