casa Latin · revision 6808

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|attested=Terence}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈka.sa]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkaː.s̬a]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''casa''' ''f'' (genitive casae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The etymology is uncertain.^(de Vaan 2008)^(TLL) Walde and Hofmann explain it as a dialectal development of *kat-ja, from a root [[ine-pro|*kat-|t=to plait]], as in [[catēna]] “chain”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan finds a link with European words for “hut” from *ket- / *kot- also possible, such as [[ae|𐬐𐬀𐬙𐬀|tr=kata-|t=chamber]] and [[cu|котьць|tr=kotĭcĭ|t=cell]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Isidore of Seville describes the ''casa'' as a rustic dwelling woven of stakes, twigs and reeds.^(Isidore)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Terence, who has the proverb not to flee past one's own hut.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Terence 190–159 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a small, humble dwelling, a cottage, hut or hovel, as Virgil's low huts, also a soldiers' hut, a shop or booth, and the replica of Romulus' hut on the Capitol.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) The proverb ''ita fugiās nē praeter casam'' meant to overshoot the mark.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Medieval Latin it meant a house or dwelling, a peasant homestead and a farm as a unit of exploitation.^(Niermeyer 1976) It replaced [[domus]] in most Romance languages, as Italian, Spanish and Portuguese ''casa'' and Romanian ''casă'', and in Old French ''chiese'', whence French ''chez'' “at the house of”.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) [[en|chez]] was borrowed in 1740, and [[en|casino]] came in 1744 from the Italian diminutive.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it in a proverb.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil speaks of low huts.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 560–636 AD – Isidore of Seville describes it as a woven rustic hut.^(Isidore)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1744 – English ''casino'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A small humble dwelling, [[m|en|cottage]], [[m|en|hut]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # A shop, booth.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|house]]; a peasant homestead.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[casālis]]

+ * [[casānicus]]

+ * [[casārius]]

+ * [[casella]]

+ * [[casula]]

+ * [[casāles]]

+ * [[casāria]]

+ * [[casellula]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[domus]]

+ * [[en|casino]]

+ * [[en|chez]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}