halo Latin · revision 6783

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=derivation|attested=Lucretius|origins=ine-pro *h₂enh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈhaː.ɫoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈaː.lo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''hālō''' (present infinitive hālāre, perfect active hālāvī, supine hālātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ Schrijver, followed by de Vaan, explains it as an early denominative from a noun [[itc-pro|*anaslo-|t=breath]], [[ine-pro|*h₂enh₁-slo-|t=a breathing]], from the root [[ine-pro|*h₂enh₁-|t=to breathe]]: *anaslāye- was syncopated to *anslā- and then *ālā-.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The initial ⟨h⟩ would be onomatopoeic or hypercorrect.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[sa|अनिति|tr=ániti|t=breathes]], [[got|𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽|tr=uzanan|t=to breathe out]] and [[sga|anaid|t=waits, remains]].^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD compares [[anhēlō]] “to pant”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Lucretius, who speaks of the flower of nard breathing out nectar.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Lucretius 96–55 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Transitively it meant to emit vapour or a scent, as Lucretius' nard and his heavy breath of sulphur.^(OLD 2012) Intransitively it meant to give off a scent, be fragrant, as Virgil's gardens fragrant with saffron flowers and his altars breathing with fresh garlands.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis and Short call it poetic.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ It may survive in Old French ''haler'', the source of French ''haleter'' “to pant”.^(Wiktionary) [[en|exhale]] comes from its compound ''exhālāre'', about 1400.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of nard breathing nectar.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of fragrant gardens.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # ''(transitive)'' To [[m|en|exhale]], emit (vapour, a scent).^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(intransitive)'' To give off a scent, be [[m|en|fragrant]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[adhālō]]

+ * [[exhālō]]

+ * [[halatus]]

+ * [[hālitō]]

+ * [[inhālō]]

+ * [[redhālō]]

+ * [[anhēlo]]

+ * [[hālitus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[anhēlus]]

+ * [[animus]]

+ * [[en|exhale]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}