psychological English · revision 6730

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=before 1688}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˌsaɪ.kəˈlɒd͡ʒ.ɪ.kl̩/ ''(UK)''; /ˌsaɪ.kəˈlɑː.d͡ʒɪ.kl̩/ ''(US)''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[psychology]] and [[-ical]].^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024)^(SOED 2002)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Of or relating to psychology, the mind as a subject of study: before 1688 in the OED, the 1680s in Etymonline,^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline) about 1688 in MWU.^(MWU 2024)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was used loosely for ''psychical'', of the mind, from 1794.^(OED 1989) In the early 20th century the sense gradually shifted towards affecting or relating to a person's mental or emotional state,^(Etymonline) and the colloquial sense, arising in the mind and having no physical cause, is from 1952.^(OED 1989)^(Collins 2023) The ''psychological moment'' was in vogue from 1871, from French moment psychologique;^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) Fowler, quoted by Etymonline, says the French misunderstood the original German phrase, which meant a psychological factor rather than a point in time.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) ''Psychological warfare'' is from 1940.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * before 1688 – relating to psychology.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1794 – relating to the mind.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1871 – psychological moment.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1940 – psychological warfare.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1952 – arising in the mind.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of or relating to [[psychology]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # Of or arising from the mind or emotions; [[mental]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # Having no physical cause; imagined: ''his pains are psychological''.^(Collins 2023)

+ # Intended to influence the mind: ''psychological warfare''.^(AHD)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[psychologically]]

+ * [[prepsychological]]

+ * [[nonpsychological]]

+ * [[pseudopsychological]]

+ * [[sociopsychological]]

+ * [[unpsychological]]

+ * [[psychological moment]]

+ * [[psychological warfare]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[psychology]]

+ * [[psyche]]

+ * [[psychic]]

+ * [[psychiatric]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}