concordia Latin · revision 673

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [kɔŋˈkɔr.di.a]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [koŋˈkɔr.di.a]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''concordia''' ''f'' (genitive concordiae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[concors]] “of one mind, agreeing” with the suffix [[m|la|-ia]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) ''Concors'' is a compound of [[m|la|con-|t=together]] and [[cor]] “heart”, literally “with hearts together”, from [[ine-pro|*ḱerd-|t=heart]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Etymonline) Its opposite is [[discordia]], formed in the same way.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus onwards,^(de Vaan 2008) who speaks of bringing a wife back into her former [[m|en|harmony]] with her husband.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) Ennius writes that the gods bring concord.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant mutual agreement, friendship or harmony between persons, as of a harmonious marriage in Cicero, and above all concord between opposing parties and classes in the state, as in Cicero's ''concordia ordinum''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It was used of harmony between things, such as the attraction of a magnet for iron, and of musical harmony.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ Personified, Concordia was a goddess with several temples in Rome, the oldest attributed to Camillus, where the Senate often met.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Coins of the emperors proclaim the ''concordia'' of the armies.^(OLD 2012) In medieval Latin it meant an amicable settlement and an alliance.^(Niermeyer 1976) English borrowed it through French as [[en|concord]] in the early 14th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it for harmony between husband and wife.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(de Vaan 2008)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius writes that the gods bring concord.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero praises the concord of the orders.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 9 AD – Tiberius rebuilds the temple of Concordia.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * Middle Ages – It means an amicable settlement and an alliance.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+ * early 14th century – Through French it gives [[en|concord]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Agreement, friendship, [[m|en|harmony]] (between persons).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Concord, peace between parties or classes.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Harmony between things; musical harmony.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''Concordia'': the goddess of Concord.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' An amicable settlement; an alliance.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[concordiālis]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[concordātiō]]

+ * [[concorditer]]

+ * [[concordō]]

+ * [[concors]]

+ * [[cor]]

+ * [[discordia]]

+ * [[en|concord]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}