caulae Latin · revision 6713

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=derivation|attested=Lex Cornelia}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkau̯.ɫae̯]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkaːu̯.le]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''caulae''' ''f pl'' (genitive caulārum); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It may be an original diminutive [[itc-pro|*kaχ-ela|t=little hole, juncture]], as Pokorny proposed; for the further origin see [[cohum]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012) The OLD compares [[osc|kaíla|t=a sacred building]] and [[goh|hag|t=hedge]].^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan finds a link with [[cōlum]] “strainer” unlikely, since there is no spelling ⟨cōlae⟩.^(de Vaan 2008) Varro instead derived it from [[cavus]] “hollow”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from the Lex Cornelia of 81 BC, which mentions a railing at the temple of Saturn, and next from Lucretius.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Lucretius 96–55 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a railing or lattice barrier, also the fence of a sheepfold, as Virgil's wolf growling at the fold.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Lucretius, where it is most frequent, it meant holes, pores or passages of the body through which the soul escapes.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Varro has the spelling ''caullae''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81 BC – The Lex Cornelia uses it of a railing.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of the pores of the body.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of a sheepfold.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|railing]], lattice barrier; a sheepfold.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # Holes, [[m|en|pores]], passages.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[cohum]]

+ * [[cavus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}