conduco Latin · revision 6667
16 Oct 2026, 12:32 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la dūcō}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [kɔnˈduː.koː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [konˈduː.ko]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''condūcō''' (present infinitive condūcere, perfect active condūxī, supine conductum); third conjugation, irregular short imperative^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[con-|t=together]] and [[dūcō]] “to lead”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's first citations are from Plautus, of hiring people and renting things.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to bring together, assemble, as Caesar's gathering of clients and debtors, to unite, join, and to contract.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) In business it meant to hire for wages, to bribe, to rent, borrow money, as in Horace, and to undertake a contract, as Cicero's tax-farming.^(OLD 2012) Intransitively it meant to be advantageous or expedient, as in Cicero, to be fitting, and to tend or contribute to something.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to hire, lead, conduct.^(Stelten 1995) It survives in French ''conduire'', Italian ''condurre'' and Spanish ''conducir'' “to lead, drive”.^(Wiktionary) [[en|conduct]] comes from its participle ''conductus'' in the early 15th century, and [[en|conduce]] about 1400.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of hiring.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of assembling.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of tax-farming and of being expedient.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * early 15th century – English ''conduct'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To bring together, assemble.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To unite, join; to contract.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To [[m|en|hire]]; to bribe.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To rent; to borrow.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To undertake (a contract); to farm (taxes).^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(intransitive)'' To be advantageous, expedient.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(intransitive)'' To be conducive, tend (to).^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[condūcibilis]]
+ * [[conductēla]]
+ * [[conductīcius]]
+ * [[conductiō]]
+ * [[conductor]]
+ * [[conductrīx]]
+ * [[conductum]]
+ * [[conductus]]
+ * [[discondūcō]]
+ * [[recondūcō]]
+ * [[condūcenter]]
+ * [[conductītius]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[abdūcō]]
+ * [[addūcō]]
+ * [[circumdūcō]]
+ * [[dēdūcō]]
+ * [[dīdūcō]]
+ * [[dūcō]]
+ * [[ēdūcō]]
+ * [[indūcō]]
+ * [[intrōdūcō]]
+ * [[obdūcō]]
+ * [[en|conduct]]
+ * [[en|conduce]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}