facultas Latin · revision 6652

16 Oct 2026, 12:32 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
Initial text

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Turpilius}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [faˈkʊɫ.taːs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [faˈkul.tas]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''facultās''' ''f'' (genitive facultātis); third declension^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is a doublet of [[facilitās]], from the stem of [[facilis]] “easy”, from Proto-Italic *fakelitāts.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Lewis and Short derive it from the old adverb [[facul]] “easily”, as [[difficultās]] beside [[difficilis]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Köbler's first source is Turpilius, of the 2nd century BC.^(Köbler 2010) The OLD also cites Terence for the sense “ease”.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant ability, power, capacity, skill, as Cicero's ease and abundance of speech, a particular faculty or talent, and of things a property or virtue.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It meant a possibility or opportunity, as in Caesar, a supply of something, and in the plural resources, means, property.^(OLD 2012) In Terence it meant easiness.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ In Medieval Latin it meant inherited property and a branch of study or department of learning.^(Niermeyer 1976) It survives in French ''faculté'', Italian ''facoltà'' and Spanish ''facultad''.^(Wiktionary) [[en|faculty]] came in the late 14th century, first meaning “ability, means”.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 2nd century BC – Turpilius uses it.^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of ease.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of ability and resources.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * late 14th century – English ''faculty'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # [[m|en|Ability]], power, capacity, skill.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A particular [[m|en|faculty]], (plural) talents.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(of things)'' A property, virtue.^(OLD 2012)
+ # An [[m|en|opportunity]], possibility.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A supply, (plural) resources, means.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Ease, facility.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A branch of study.^(Niermeyer 1976)
+ 
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[facultatula]]
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[facilis]]
+ * [[facilitās]]
+ * [[difficultās]]
+ * [[en|faculty]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}