rotulus Latin · revision 6631

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Calpurnius Siculus|origins=la rota}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''rotulus''' ''m'' (genitive rotulī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a diminutive of [[rota]] “wheel”, a masculine form of [[rotula]] “little wheel”.^(Köbler 2010)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's first source is Calpurnius Siculus, of the second third of the 1st century AD, who uses it in the sense of ''rotula'' “little wheel”.^(Köbler 2010)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Latin it is rare, meaning a little wheel.^(Gaffiot 2016) In Medieval Latin it became a roll of papyrus or parchment, and specifically the mortuary roll sent round to announce a death and ask prayers for the dead.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(Etymonline)

+

+ It survives in French ''rôle'' and Italian ''ruolo''.^(Wiktionary) Through Old French ''rolle'' it is the source of [[en|roll]] “scroll”, recorded about 1200, and through French ''rôle'' of [[en|role]], about 1600, from the roll on which an actor's part was written.^(Etymonline) Medieval Latin ''contrārotulus'' “counter-roll” is the source of [[en|control]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1st century AD – Calpurnius Siculus uses it of a little wheel.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 716–786 – The letters of Boniface and Lull use it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1200 – English ''roll'' (scroll) is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+ * c. 1600 – English ''role'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A little [[m|en|wheel]].^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|roll]] of papyrus or parchment; a mortuary roll.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[rota]]

+ * [[rotula]]

+ * [[en|roll]]

+ * [[en|role]]

+ * [[en|control]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}