ambulo Latin · revision 662

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈam.bʊ.ɫoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈam.bu.lo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ambulō''' (present infinitive ambulāre, perfect active ambulāvī, supine ambulātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a compound of [[m|la|ambi-|t=around]] with a verb going back to [[itc-pro|*ala-|t=to wander]], from [[ine-pro|*h₂elh₂-|t=to wander]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan explains the first conjugation by the frequent replacement of simple presents by ā-verbs in compounds, and finds the same root in [[alacer]].^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD analyses it similarly, as ''ambi-'' with the element seen in [[exsul|alt=exul]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Cognate with [[xum|amboltu|t=let him go around]], [[grc|ἀλάομαι|tr=aláomai|t=to wander, roam]] and [[lv|aluôt|t=to roam]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(TLL) Lewis and Short, following Curtius, connected it instead with the root of [[grc|βαίνω|tr=baínō|t=to go]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Plautus onwards,^(de Vaan 2008) who has a prologue telling the audience that if there is no seat for them, there is room to [[m|en|walk]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The TLL describes it as a word of everyday speech that, like ''[[vado]]'', took over the role of the verb “to go”: it is frequent in Plautus, Cicero, Celsus, Seneca and Pliny but absent from many poets and historians.^(TLL) Its senses ranged from walking and strolling for pleasure or health to parading, travelling and marching, and the imperative ''ambula'' meant “off you go”.^(OLD 2012) Things such as rivers and processes were said to ''ambulare'', and in law property or a purchase “passed” from person to person.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In the Vulgate it renders the biblical figure of “walking” in a way of life.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In the Romance languages it gave Spanish and Portuguese ''andar'' and Italian ''andare'' as well as Romanian ''umbla'',^(Wiktionary) and through French ''ambler'' [[en|amble]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it for walking and strolling.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of rivers on which ships go.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero writes of walking to rest his voice.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 2nd century AD – The jurists use it of property passing to another.^(OLD 2012)

+ * early 14th century – Through Old French ''ambler'' it gives [[en|amble]].^(Etymonline)

+ * 1798 – French ''ambulance'', from its present participle, enters English as [[en|ambulance]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|walk]], go on foot.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To take a walk, [[m|en|stroll]]; to walk for one's health.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To go about, gad about.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To parade, [[m|en|strut]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To go, travel, or ''(military)'' to [[m|en|march]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''ambula'': go along, off with you.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''ambulare in ius'': to go to court.^(OLD 2012)

+ # (of things) To proceed, run, extend.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(law)'' To pass, be transferred.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[abambulō]]

+ * [[adambulō]]

+ * [[ambulācrum]]

+ * [[ambulātilis]]

+ * [[ambulātiō]]

+ * [[ambulatiua]]

+ * [[ambulātor]]

+ * [[ambulātōrius]]

+ * [[ambulātrīx]]

+ * [[ambulātūra]]

+ * [[ambulātus]]

+ * [[anteambulo]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ambiō]]

+ * [[ambulātiuncula]]

+ * [[alacer]]

+ * [[en|amble]]

+ * [[en|ambulance]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}