corbis Latin · revision 661

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkɔr.bɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkɔr.bis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''corbis''' ''m'' or f (genitive corbis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The origin is undecided.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan reconstructs [[itc-pro|*k(o)rfi-]] and compares the Balto-Slavic family of [[lt|kar̃bas|t=basket]] and [[ru|короб|tr=korob|t=box, basket]], whose accentuation would point to an aspirated *bʰ.^(de Vaan 2008) But the root shape would be irregular in Proto-Indo-European, and many scholars take the Balto-Slavic words to be borrowings from Germanic (as in [[de|Korb]]), itself borrowed from Latin; words for baskets are often loanwords.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Pokorny 1959) A comparison with [[grc|κάρφος|tr=kárphos|t=dry twigs]] is very doubtful,^(de Vaan 2008) and Wiktionary also mentions a possible Semitic source.^(Wiktionary) Ancient grammarians derived it from bent twigs, as if from [[curvus]], or from the ears of grain gathered in it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Plautus onwards.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) Cato mentions corn baskets among the equipment of a farm.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a [[m|en|basket]], especially one used for harvesting grain or fruit, and also its contents, a basketful.^(OLD 2012) Livy tells how the crop of the Campus Martius was thrown into the Tiber in baskets, and the author of the ''Spanish War'' mentions baskets filled with stones.^(Georges 1913)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Its gender was uncertain: Cicero uses it as a feminine, Columella and Petronius as a masculine.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ In medieval Latin it was also a measure of grain.^(Niermeyer 1976) Its diminutive ''[[corbicula]]'' gave French ''corbeille'', and the related ''[[corbita]]'', a slow cargo ship, is thought to be the source of [[en|corvette]].^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato lists corn baskets among farm equipment.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero mentions a harvest basket, ''corbis messoria''.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * Middle Ages – It is a measure of grain.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|basket]], especially for gathering grain or fruit; a basketful.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A measure of grain.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[corbicula]]

+ * [[corbīta]]

+ * [[corbitor]]

+ * [[corbula]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|corvette]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}