coxa Latin · revision 660

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkɔk.sa]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkɔk.sa]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''coxa''' ''f'' (genitive coxae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*koksā-|t=hip]], [[inh|ine-pro|*koḱs-h₂-|t=limb, joint]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan notes that the word changed from masculine to feminine, perhaps under the influence of other names of body parts.^(de Vaan 2008) The Germanic family of [[goh|hāhsina|t=hollow of the knee]], often compared, goes back to a different form and does not belong here.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Pokorny 1959)

+

+ Cognate with [[sga|cos|t=foot]], [[sa|कक्ष|tr=kákṣa-|t=armpit]], [[ae|kaša-|t=armpit]] and [[txb|kakse|t=loins]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its first author is Nigidius Figulus, in the 1st century BC,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) who wrote that the trunk is supported by the hips, knees and legs.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Latin it meant the human [[m|en|hip]] and an animal's [[m|en|haunch]], and in Celsus and Pliny the Younger the hip-bone.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The land surveyors used it for a re-entrant angle or inward bend of a boundary.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) In Late Latin it came to mean the thigh,^(Wiktionary) the sense continued in Italian ''coscia'' and French ''cuisse''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Medieval texts use it mostly in anatomy and medicine for the hip-bone and hip joint.^(MLW)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 100–45 BC – Nigidius Figulus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Celsus describes stiff hips and the hip-bone.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder says riding is good for the stomach and hips.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st–2nd century AD – Siculus Flaccus uses it for an inward angle of a boundary.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 1706 – English borrows it as [[en|coxa]] “hip-joint”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The [[m|en|hip]] of a person, the [[m|en|haunch]] of an animal.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # The hip-bone.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # ''(surveying)'' A re-entrant angle, an inward bend.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' The [[m|en|thigh]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[cossim]]

+ * [[coxus]]

+ * [[coxālis]]

+ * [[coxārius]]

+ * [[coxim]]

+ * [[coxīnus]]

+ * [[coxō]]

+ * [[incoxō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[coxendīx]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The longer ''[[coxendix]]'' also means hip or hip-bone, and Pinault connects it with Tocharian words for “body”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}