assisto Latin · revision 6597
16 Oct 2026, 11:44 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Ennius|origins=la sistō}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [asˈsɪs.toː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [asˈsis.to]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''assistō''' (present infinitive assistere, perfect active astitī); third conjugation, no passive, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[ad-|t=to]] and [[sistō]] “to stand, set”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) Its perfect ⟨astitī⟩ cannot be told apart from that of [[astō]].^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's first citations are from Ennius, of troops taking a position, and Plautus, of stopping.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Ennius 204–169 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to take up a position, stand by or near, as Cicero's stopping at the tomb of Achilles, to stop, stand still, as Plautus' ''adsiste īlicō'' “stop right there”, and to take up a posture.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) In war it meant to make a stand, in law to attend court, as in Quintilian, to stand by as a supporter or advocate, as in Tacitus, and to supervise.^(OLD 2012) Of things it meant to be near by.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to stand near, assist, defend.^(Stelten 1995) It survives in French ''assister'', Italian ''assistere'' and Spanish ''asistir''.^(Wiktionary) Through Old French ''assister'' it is the source of [[en|assist]] in the early 15th century.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of troops taking position.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of stopping.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian uses it of attending court.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * early 15th century – English ''assist'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To take up a position, stand by or near.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To stop, stand.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To make a stand.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To attend (court); to stand by as advocate, [[m|en|support]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # To supervise.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(of things)'' To be near by.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[assistentia]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[sistō]]
+ * [[astō]]
+ * [[en|assist]]
+ * [[en|assistant]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}