caballarius Latin · revision 6595
16 Oct 2026, 11:42 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=glosses|origins=la caballus}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ka.balˈlaː.ri.ʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ka.balˈlaː.ri.us]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''caballārius''' ''m'' (genitive caballāriī or caballārī); second declension^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[caballus]] “horse, nag” with the suffix [[-ārius]].^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ It is found in glosses, which equate it with Greek words for “rider” and “groom”, and in inscriptions.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ In late glosses it meant a rider or horseman, and a groom or stableman.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Medieval Latin, as adjective, it meant of horses, mounted, or carried by horses, as Bede's horse-litter, and as a noun a mounted warrior, a knight, also the knight in chess.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS)
+
+ It survives in French ''chevalier'' and ''cavalier'', Italian ''cavaliere'', Spanish ''caballero'' and Portuguese ''cavaleiro''.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) Through Anglo-French it is the source of [[en|chevalier]] in the late 14th century, through Italian of [[en|cavalier]] in the 1580s, and through Spanish of [[en|caballero]] in 1861.^(Etymonline) [[en|chivalry]] comes from the related Old French ''chevalerie''.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 9th century – Hincmar uses it.^(Köbler 2010)
+ * late 14th century – English ''chevalier'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ * 1580s – English ''cavalier'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A rider, horseman; a groom.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|knight]], mounted warrior; the knight in chess.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS)
+
+ ===Adjective===
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Of horses; carried by horses.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS)
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[caballa]]
+ * [[caballātiō]]
+ * [[caballīnus]]
+ * [[caballiō]]
+ * [[caballus]]
+ * [[en|cavalier]]
+ * [[en|chevalier]]
+ * [[en|chivalry]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}