naval English · revision 6592

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=before 1425|origins=la navis}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˈneɪvəl/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la|nāvālis|t=relating to ships]], perhaps partly through [[m|fro|naval]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024) from [[m|la|nāvis|t=ship]] (see [[navy]]),^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) from PIE [[ine-pro|*neh₂u-|alt=*nau-|t=boat]], also the source of Greek naûs and Sanskrit naú-.^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Pertaining to ships: probably before 1425, in a translation of Chauliac's ''Grande Chirurgie'', of a distillation of ship's tar;^(Barnhart 1988) the early 15th century in Etymonline.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Of a navy, it is from probably before 1439, in Lydgate's ''Fall of Princes'';^(Barnhart 1988) the OED has the sense from 1602 and the Roman ''naval crown'' from 1593.^(OED 1989) Fought or carried out by ships, as a naval battle, is from 1606.^(OED 1989) ''Naval stores'', materials used in shipping, are from 1678,^(OED 1989) and the ''naval base'' from 1906.^(OED 1989) Old English had scipherelic for naval.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * before 1425 – of ships.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * before 1439 – of a navy.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1606 – fought by ships.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1906 – naval base.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of, relating to or belonging to a [[navy]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # Of or relating to ships or shipping; [[nautical]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[navally]]

+ * [[nonnaval]]

+ * [[pronaval]]

+ * [[naval architect]]

+ * [[naval mine]]

+ * [[naval stores]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[navy]]

+ * [[nave]]

+ * [[navigate]]

+ * [[nautical]]

+ * [[nausea]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Naval'' is not to be confused with [[navel]], the hollow in the belly, which is unrelated.^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}