construo Latin · revision 6577
16 Oct 2026, 11:24 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=la struō}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkõː.stru.oː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkɔn.stru.o]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''cōnstruō''' (present infinitive cōnstruere, perfect active cōnstrūxī, supine cōnstrūctum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[con-|t=together]] and [[struō]] “to pile up, arrange”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's first citations are from Cicero, of heaping up money and arranging things.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to heap up, as Cicero's heaps of coins, to make by piling up, and to load, as in Catullus.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It meant to place together, arrange, as Cicero's teeth set in rows in the mouth, and to build, construct.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It also meant to amass a store, as in Horace, and in Apuleius to devise plans.^(OLD 2012) In Late Latin it took the grammatical sense “to relate words”.^(Etymonline)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to build, frame together.^(Stelten 1995) French ''construire'' and Spanish ''construir'' are borrowings.^(Wiktionary) [[en|construe]] came in the late 14th century from its grammatical sense, [[en|construct]] in the 1660s from its participle, and [[en|construction]] from ''cōnstrūctiō''.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of heaping up and arranging.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus uses it of loading.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of amassing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * late 14th century – English ''construe'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To heap up, pile up.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To arrange, place together.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To [[m|en|build]], [[m|en|construct]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # To amass.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To devise (plans).^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[cōnstrūctiō]]
+ * [[cōnstrūctus]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[dēstruō]]
+ * [[īnstruō]]
+ * [[struō]]
+ * [[en|construct]]
+ * [[en|construe]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}