communico Latin · revision 6567
16 Oct 2026, 11:14 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la commūnis}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [kɔmˈmuː.nɪ.koː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [komˈmuː.ni.ko]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''commūnicō''' (present infinitive commūnicāre, perfect active commūnicāvī, supine commūnicātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[commūnis]] “common, shared” with the suffix -icō.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) Livy may have a deponent form.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's first citations are from Plautus, of taking a share in something with another.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to share something with someone, as Cicero's friendship that lightens adversity by dividing and sharing it, to take a share in, and to make someone a sharer.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It meant to share out, to unite one's own with another's, and to impart information or knowledge, as in Terence.^(OLD 2012) It meant to discuss together, plan in concert, as in Caesar, and to make something generally accessible, as in Vitruvius.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ In Christian Latin it meant to partake, receive communion, and it gave Spanish ''comulgar'' and Portuguese ''comungar'' “to take communion”.^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary) [[en|communicate]] was borrowed in the 1520s, and [[en|communication]] comes from ''commūnicātiō''.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of taking a share.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of imparting information.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of planning together.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1520s – English ''communicate'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To [[m|en|share]] (with); to take a share in.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To share out.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To unite, link.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To impart, [[m|en|communicate]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # To discuss, plan together.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To make generally accessible.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' To receive communion.^(Stelten 1995)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[commūnicātiō]]
+ * [[commūnicātor]]
+ * [[commūnicātus]]
+ * [[excommūnicō]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[commūnālis]]
+ * [[commūne]]
+ * [[commūnicabilis]]
+ * [[commūniō]]
+ * [[commūnis]]
+ * [[commūnitās]]
+ * [[commūniter]]
+ * [[commūnitus]]
+ * [[en|communicate]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}