ericius Latin · revision 6528
16 Oct 2026, 10:34 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Varro|origins=ine-pro *ǵʰḗr}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [eːˈrɪ.ki.ʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [eˈriː.t͡ʃi.us]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''ēricius''' ''m'' (genitive ēriciī or ēricī); second declension^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is a derivative of [[ēr]] “hedgehog”, from [[ine-pro|*ǵʰḗr|t=hedgehog]].^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)^(Etymonline) Etymonline traces it to a root *ghers- “to bristle”, as in [[horreō]].^(Etymonline) Gaffiot also spells it ⟨hēricius⟩.^(Gaffiot 2016)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's first citation is Varro, of the hedgehog.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler dates Varro 116–27 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant a hedgehog, as in Varro and Isidore of Seville, and in military language a spiked barrier, a cheval-de-frise, as in Caesar.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The Vulgate uses it to translate a Hebrew word that was probably a bird.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant a porcupine, and in Medieval Latin a hedgehog, porcupine or sea urchin.^(Stelten 1995)^(DMLBS) It survives in Italian ''riccio'', Spanish ''erizo'', Portuguese ''ouriço'' and Romanian ''arici''.^(Wiktionary) A Vulgar Latin *hēriciōnem gave Old French ''herichun'', whence [[en|urchin]] “hedgehog” about 1300.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of a hedgehog.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of a spiked barrier.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate uses it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 1300 – English ''urchin'' (hedgehog) is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A [[m|en|hedgehog]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(military)'' A spiked barrier.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A porcupine; a sea urchin.^(DMLBS)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[ericinus]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[ēr]]
+ * [[ērūca]]
+ * [[horreō]]
+ * [[en|urchin]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}